From: don (ulformat@teleport.com)
Date: 09/15/03-11:32:59 PM Z
Well, the Norweigans did make a contribution towards the production of nuclear weapons during wwII --- they were actively producing
Heavy Water for the Nazi atomic bomb effort before the Allied raid put the plant in Norway out of commission....
So what's this got to do with Alt-Processes I ask? Are we wayyyyyyyy off topic?
-----Original Message-----
From: Robert W. Schramm [mailto:schrammrus@hotmail.com]
Sent: Monday, September 15, 2003 8:07 PM
To: alt-photo-process-l@sask.usask.ca
Subject: Re: There is H2O and then there is H2O
H30 is incorrect if you are refering to heavy water. H20 means two atoms of
hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. H30 whould mean three atoms of hydrogen and
on atom of oxygen. That is not water.
Heavy water is deuterium oxide. Unlike hydrogen which has one proton in its
nucleus, deuterium has one proton and one neutron in the nucleus. Deuterium
is an isotope of hydrogen. Its atomic number is the same as hydrogen
therefore it acts chemically just like hydrogen. Heavy water (duterium
oxide) is desirable as a moderator in nuclear reactors but it is not used in
nuclear weapons.Of course there is a close relationship between a nuclear
reactor and a nuclear weapon (atomic bomb). A nuclear reactor is designed so
that the average number of neutrons produced per fission is one. In an
atomic bomb, uranium 235 is both the fuel and the moderator and the average
number of neutrons produced per fission is greater than one so that the
reaction proceeds exponentially---ultimatly resulting in the production of a
large amount of energy. But perhaps I have revealed too much. ;-)
I don't think Norway made any contribution towards the production of nuclear
weapons.
I recently read a book which was the diary of a german submarine radio
officer. His submarine was captured off the coast of Florida. On board was a
disassembled jet plane and several canisters of uranium oxide bound for
Japan. It is clear that Japan was planning on developing both jet planes and
an nuclear weapon. This is interesting in view of the critism aimed at the
USA for using a nuclear weapon in Japan.
Bob Schramm
Check out my web page at:
>From: Halvor <halvorb@mac.com>
>Reply-To: alt-photo-process-l@sask.usask.ca
>To: alt-photo-process-l@sask.usask.ca
>Subject: Re: There is H2O and then there is H2O
>Date: Tue, 16 Sep 2003 08:58:43 +0900
>
>on 16-09-03 07:51, Nick Makris at nick@mcn.org wrote:
>
>A recent article in a Scandinavian newspaper apparently cited a demand for
>water which has
>a higher hydrogen level than most. One source may be the Albion River in
>Mendocino Co., USA.
>
>Is not all water H2O or is some H3O or some such? Anyone hear anything
>about this?
>
>Nick
>
>
>
>Heavy water sometimes refered to as H3O, (infamous Norwegian product -
>without whose innocent help a couple of countries might not have had
>nuclear
>weapons, althoug I suppose as always there is other sources.) - donīt think
>I have heard about any photographic purpose for this though.
>
>heavy water
> n : water containing a substantial proportion of deuterium
> atoms, used in nuclear reactors [syn: {deuterium oxide}]
>
>isotope
> n : one of two or more atoms with the same atomic number but
> with different numbers of neutrons
>
>".. which both hydrogen atoms have been replaced with deuterium, the
>isotope
>of hydrogen ... The
>first commercial heavy water plant was the Norsk Hydro facility in ... "
>
>do a google with the various above keyawords
>
>Cheers
>Halvor
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