Re: Encyclopedias

Luis Nadeau (nadeaul@nbnet.nb.ca)
Mon, 3 Jul 1995 00:55:20 +0300

>While the rest of you are celebrating liberation (from Canada,
>right?)

yes, but it came awfully close;-)

>some of us have serious work to do. My evil service provider has
>destroyed the entire thread on "gelatine silver" (I kid you not -- is mine
>the only one that takes whims like that into its chip?), but, as I recall
>it was Peter Marshall who did the intelligent thing & went to the
>encyclopedia to look up the term "gelatin(e) silver." (And notice, Luis,
>the man did NOT say "gotcha!".)

I didn't follow that thread closely.

>Thus inspired, well, we have encylopedias here in the colonies, too, so I
>went, instead of Cassell's 1911, to Focal Press, 1960 (not printed in GB
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
they offered me a job once. Regrettably, I could not afford to subsidize them...

>until 1962, it says). The entries go from "gelatin" to
>"gelatino-" to "gelatin-sugar process." That's it. The entry for

Gee, *my* Encyclopedia goes to "gelatinotypy" and it has references to boot;-)

>"gelatino-" is as follows:
>
>Prefix once applied to certain photographic processes and materials --
>eg., gelatino-bromide process, gelatino-chloride paper -- indicating the
>employment of an emulsion of light-sensitive chemicals in gelatin. The
>use of the prefix was more general at the time when gelatin emulsions
>were replacing collodion for normal photography.
>
>End of quote.
>
>Also, I daresay in 1911 (1913?) platinum and dichromates
>(possibly albumen?) were still in general use, and "gelatino" not yet
> so "normal."

"Gelatin-silver" and "silver-gelatin" have been used for a long time. When
museums started collecting photographs in a big way back in the 70s and 80s
they had to classify them somehow. Commercial galleries simply followed
what museums were doing.

>
>Of course this looking things up in old encyclopedias is dangerous. (How
>long before you got out of Cassell's, Peter?) But in the 10th edition of
>Dictonary of Photography (p.369, a very nice entry on gum printing, Adam),
>I found mention of a formula I'd lost track of using chloral hydrate (I
>had even gotten the chloral hydrate) to keep gelatine liquid so you could
>use it instead of gum arabic in pigment printing. Has anyone reading this
>tried that? (Luis, you heard of it? It's in your encyclopedia?

It's in chapter IV of _Gum Dichromate and Other Direct Carbon Processes_,
along with other info you won't find in turn of the century sources, e.g.,
chloral hydrate is a controled/illegal substance (i.e., powerful drug) in
most countries around the world.

>But they were quaint -- mention is tacked onto middle of a paragraph about
>developing gum, not even a subhead, and the "dictionary" of course has no
>index. I would never have found it again. Thanks Peter.
>Cheers, Judy

I'd stay away (if only for legal reasons for those of us who don't live 201
miles off the East or West coast of America), of anything that uses chloral
hydrate.

Between gum, carbon transfer, and another one highly underused -casein
printing- there is plenty of choice for the non-silver printer. There is
also oil and bromoil...

Luis Nadeau
NADEAUL@NBNET.NB.CA
Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada