Re: Gum tonal range (was Miracle size for gum)
Odd, I didn't get phritz's post, just etienne's response.
Yes, I'm talking about the tonal range of one printing. Understand,
I'm not giving "the print tonal range of gum" as .75, it's just that
those three pigment concentrations of iron oxide black printed an
identical range of .75; the range just moved down the scale as the
pigment concentration increased. But I'd have to do a whole lot more
testing than I have any interest in doing, to make any general
statement about the tonal range of gum. This pigment (PBk11) is a
weak pigment and requires a lot of pigment to reach a particular
color depth, so even the medium-dark concentrations have quite a lot
of pigment in them., and the darkest one has a whole tube of paint
dumped into about 15 ml gum, as I recall. It would probably be
easier to get a longer scale with a carbon black that has a lot more
pigment strength.
Marek's examples are the best tonal range I think I've seen in
gum. I tried the bleach development and couldn't make it work for
me; I've forgotten the details now, but he's definitely got it.
On reflection while cutting and hauling brush today, I'm not sure I'm
entirely in agreement that the transfer function for gum is
nonlinear, but I'm too tired to put my mind to it tonight. I do
agree that it works better to work from a long-scale negative and
print the various parts of the range separately, rather than to print
with a shorter DR negative; this goes back to a discussion a few
weeks ago. A light pigment load of almost any pigment will print
heavenly subtle smooth gradations in highlights much like palladium,
as long as the tones are there in the negative to print.
Katharine
On Oct 12, 2009, at 4:51 PM, etienne garbaux wrote:
phritz wrote:
i've been wondering, is this discussion about exclusively about
one-layer-gums? i think it is.
* * *
katharine, with your .75 density range, did you mean single layer
or finished print?
I'll let Katharine speak for herself, but it seemed clear that she
was referring to a single layer -- did you look at the link she
provided? She clearly said in a previous post that to get smooth
tones and wide DR, you need to make multi-layer prints.
the other thing is, that all tonal ranges are a continuum between
black and white. there aren't any steps in reality. even in an
extremely short tonal scale is every single shade of grey present
in it. it's just a matter of a suitable negative to print them.
True, but.... It is all a matter of mapping. Mapping luminance
values in the scene to density values in the negative that will
enable you to further map them to the desired reflection densities
in the print. This discussion has focused on the second half of
that mapping, the transfer characteristic of the printing process
-- how the various densities in the negative map to reflection
densities in the final print.
If one is trying to get "every single shade of grey" in the final
print, there are easier ways and harder ways. (As a side note,
even printers who do not intend to use all the shades of grey in
any of their images are probably well served by learning how to do
so, just as singers who never intend to pop up and down an octave
at a time in performance nevertheless are wise to do so when
practicing.) Any high-contrast printing process makes getting
smooth transitions and all shades of grey in the final print
difficult. It's much easier to differentiate the tones in the
scene clearly when you expose and develop the negative (i.e., make
long-scale negatives -- as long as you don't run out of the film's
capacity to render them), then use a low-contrast printing process
to map the well-differentiated values in the negative to the final
print values. (The same applies, mutatis mutandis, to digital
imaging, as well.) Asking a printing process to amplify gradations
-- to dig them out of a negative when they are barely there in the
first place -- is rowing against the current.
Of course, gum printers come from this the other way round -- faced
with a process that is inherently quite contrasty and nonlinear,
how does one get the tonal range one desires? Multi-layer printing
is one of the most powerful tools, as I understand it.
Best regards,
etienne
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