From: Linas Kudzma (lkudzma@earthlink.net)
Date: 01/24/02-09:57:24 PM Z
Sandy ,
Citric Acid, anhydrous
2 molar equivalents (C6H8O7) Molecular weight = 192.12
74.44 g (0.387 moles)
plus
Sodium Carbonate, anhydrous
3 molar equivalents (Na2CO3) Molecular weigh = 106.00
61.61 g (0.581 moles)
gives
Sodium Citrate (Trisodium -fully neutralized)
2 molar equivalents (C6H5Na3O7) Molecular weight = 258.07
100 g (0.387 moles)
Start with anhydrous Citric Acid and anhydrous Sodium Carbonate in the
above amounts to make the equivalent of 100 g of Sodium Citrate. Of
course, this is done in water. You decide what final concentration you
need. Add the carbonate to a aqueous solution of citric acid and do it
slowly, the reaction will fizz vigorously (carbon dioxide is produced).
Fizzing will stop as you add the last of the carbonate to complete the
neutralization.
Scale the amounts up or down to make the amount of Sodium Citrate needed.
> [Original Message]
> From: Sandy King <sanking@clemson.edu>
> To: <alt-photo-process-l@sask.usask.ca>
> Date: 1/24/2002 9:32:32 PM
> Subject: How to make sodium citrate?
>
> One of the Kallitype developers given by Russ Young in his article on
> kallitype in Coming into Focus is a 20% sodium citrate solution. I
> have used this developer and found it to be a fast working and easy
> to clear formula, providing one stays within the capacity limits of
> the solution. In a note in the article Russ mentions that it is
> possible to make sodium citrate by neutralizing a solution of citric
> acid with sodium carbonate. Unfortunately the editors left out Russ'
> directions for carrying out this operation. Any chemists out there
> able to shed some light on how to do this?
>
> Sandy King
>
Linas Kudzma
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